Abstract
Neuropathies are a significant cause of morbidity worldwide, mainly from diabetes mellitus, HIV infection and leprosy. Many are treatable with immunosuppression or intravenous immunoglobulin. Tight glycaemic control slows progression of diabetic neuropathy. Even when the underlying disorder is untreatable, making a specific diagnosis and appropriate management to avoid complications and neuropathic pain can be rewarding. Neurophysiological studies are crucial in differentiating axonal from demyelinating neuropathies and detecting clinically asymptomatic nerve involvement. With increasing neurophysiological expertise and more widely available genetic testing, the necessity for nerve biopsy as a diagnostic tool has been reduced.
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