Abstract
Recent evidences show that nervous system acts as a crucial part of cancer microenvironment. Infiltration of nerve fibers into cancer microenvironment has an important active role in cancer progression. The stimulations of both cancer growth and metastasis by members of nervous system such as neurons and glial cells have been demonstrated. However, how the nervous system is built in cancer is largely unknown. Here we show that a fraction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) derived from patients with gastric carcinoma and colorectal carcinoma are capable of producing neurons that are involved in tumor neurogenesis and tumor growth. Cancer stem cell monoclone derived from a single cancer stem cell was able to generate neurons including sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons to take part in the nervous system in cancer tissues. Knocking down the neural cell generating capability of the human CSCs inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in mouse model. Our data demonstrate that human CSCs are able to produce one of most important components in the cancer microenvironment that are required for cancer development and progression.
Highlights
The observations on the association between cancer and nervous system can be traced back to early years of ninteenth century.[1]Nerves have an important role in tumor growth, cancer invasion and even metastasis and are considered to be components of cancer microenvironment.[2]
The results suggest that gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) and colorectal CSCs may have the capacity to differentiate into neural cells to generate nervous system in tumor tissues in tumor xenografts
Neural cells with human-specific marker appear in tumor xenografts in mice In order to determine the involvement of neural system in the tumors that were generated from human cancer stem cells (CSC) in vivo, we transplanted the CSCs that were previously isolated from the patients with gastric and colorectal carcinoma[12,13] into nude mice via subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injections to produce human cancer xenografts
Summary
The observations on the association between cancer and nervous system can be traced back to early years of ninteenth century.[1]Nerves have an important role in tumor growth, cancer invasion and even metastasis and are considered to be components of cancer microenvironment.[2]. The observations on the association between cancer and nervous system can be traced back to early years of ninteenth century.[1]. The key drivers of neuron outgrowth in tumors have not been identified and how the nervous system built in cancer tissues is largely unknown. We tested the potential of cancer stem cell to differentiate into neurons and the capacity of cancer cells to participate in the process of cancer neurogenesis
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