Abstract
The mammalian lacrimal gland is densely innervated by parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, as well as fibers that contain neuropeptides.1 The parasympathetic nerve fibers in the lacrimal gland arise from neurons in the pterygopalatine ganglion (PPG), a cranial parasympathetic ganglion that receives synaptic input from preganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the brainstem. PPG postganglionic axons innervate a variety of structures including the lacrimal gland, nasal and palatine mucosae, and cranial vasculature.2,3
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