Abstract

Tilting of the freshwater snailPlanorbarius corneus triggering dynamic statocyst receptor response resulted in defense reaction attended by rapid lowering of the shell over the head, foreshortening of the foot, and inhibited locomotion and buccal apparatus operation. Large numbers of neurons from different ganglia were found to take part in this reaction in isolated nervous system preparations. The response usually followed an "all or none" pattern and did not depend on which statocyst receptors had been stimulated. Each successive response arose no sooner than 10–20 sec after the previous reaction to tilting the preparation. It is deduced that defense reaction to statocyst receptor stimulation takes the form of a "fixed action" governed by a special central mechanism. It was found during the process of investigating interaction between response to statocyte receptor and cutaneous nerve stimulation that the same central mechanism serves to produce defense reactions evoked by presentation of different stimuli.

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