Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The traditional concept of NMO restricted involvement to the optic nerve and spinal cord. The discovery of neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin G (NMO-IgG), a specific antibody to aquaporin 4 (AQP4) [1], has greatly changed the traditional concept of NMO. Based on the seropositivity of NMO-IgG, the term “neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD)” evolved. NMOSD includes definitive NMO, monophasic or recurrent longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, bilateral simultaneous or recurrent neuromyelitis optica, brainstem disorders and hypothalamic disorders [2].
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