Abstract
The diagnosis and evaluation of neuromuscular disorders traditionally involves electrodiagnostic (EDx) testing, including nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and electromyography (EMG). These tools can cause pain and discomfort, an important consideration when performed on children. Neuromuscular ultrasound is noninvasive, cost-effective, and increasingly utilized for the detection of neuromuscular pathology. Studies investigating the performance and clinical implementation of ultrasound have primarily been performed in adult populations. Ultrasound in children has the potential to guide EDx testing and ultimately improve diagnostic efficiency and accuracy. This review aims to describe key features of neuromuscular ultrasound in the pediatric population based on the available studies, including our own institutional experience.
Highlights
The approach to the evaluation and diagnosis of neuromuscular pathologies has evolved over the past several decades
Electrodiagnostics (EDx), including nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and electromyography (EMG), inform clinical decision-making by providing valuable neurophysiologic information
This review aims to describe key features of neuromuscular ultrasound in the pediatric population based on the available studies, including our own institutional experience
Summary
The approach to the evaluation and diagnosis of neuromuscular pathologies has evolved over the past several decades. Electrodiagnostics (EDx), including nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and electromyography (EMG), inform clinical decision-making by providing valuable neurophysiologic information. In addition to these well-established modalities, neuromuscular ultrasound has emerged as an important complementary test in both adult and pediatric populations [1,2,3,4,5,6]. This review aims to describe key features of neuromuscular ultrasound in the pediatric population based on the available studies, including our own institutional experience. It is important to note that other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been used in the assessment of pediatric neuromuscular conditions. All imaging techniques continue to improve rapidly, and the future may include multiple combined imaging techniques to obtain the most accurate neuromuscular diagnosis
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