Abstract
Objectives To assess and evaluate the risk factors affecting the neuromotor development of preterm babies at corrected age 18 to 24 months. Methods Preterm babies ≤ 34 weeks of gestational age (GA) who were born in our hospital between 2011 and 2014 were prospectively included in the study. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal features of the babies were recorded. Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), was applied at corrected age 18 to 24 months. Results All data of 96 babies were obtained during the study, mean birth weight was 1542 ± 518 g, and mean corrected age was 20.9 ± 4.7 months. Cerebral palsy was found in 11 babies (11.5%). According to Bayley III scores, 13.5% cognitive delay, 19.8% language delay, and 33.3% motor delay rations were detected. A positive correlation was found between GA and motor composite scores (p = 0.011). The mean motor composite score was lower in babies with the Apgar score less than 7 at 1st and 5th minutes (p = 0.007 and p = 0.003) and applied resuscitation in the delivery room (p = 0.033). The mean language composite score was found to be higher in babies with antenatal steroid administration (p = 0.003). A negative correlation was found between the motor composite score and the oxygen treatment time and mechanical ventilation support time (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007). Conclusion In preterm babies less than 34 weeks, the birth weight, GA, Apgar score, oxygen treatment time, mechanical ventilation support time, and resuscitation in a delivery room were determined to affect the Bayley III motor score. Language development was found better in babies with antenatal steroid administration.
Highlights
In developing countries, very low birth weight (BW) babies less than 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) have a high risk for neurodevelopmental retardation
With the Bayley III test, we aimed to evaluate the midterm neuromotor development of preterm babies ≤ 34 weeks of GA who were born in our hospital between 2011 and 2014 and treated in our newborn intensive care units (NICU)
Prenatal features (GA and antenatal steroid administration), natal features, and postnatal features (length of stay in the hospital, oxygen support time, mechanical ventilation support time and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) application time, surfactant, caffeine, antibiotic treatment, postnatal steroid treatment, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and intraventricular haemorrhages (IVH)) of the patients were recorded
Summary
Very low birth weight (BW) babies less than 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) have a high risk for neurodevelopmental retardation. This risk is significantly present in babies 32 to 37 weeks of GA [1, 2]. Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), which is especially used in the neurodevelopmental of preterm babies has been reviewed. It is composed of cognitive, language, and motor parameters [6].
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