Neuroimaging of Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease.

Amandine Jullienne,Michelle V Trinh,Andre Obenaus

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10020305

Amandine Jullienne, Michelle V Trinh + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10020305

Copy DOI

Journal: Biomedicines	Publication Date: Jan 28, 2022
Citations: 14	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of California, Irvine

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have made great strides in the diagnosis and our understanding of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Despite the knowledge gained from human studies, mouse models have and continue to play an important role in deciphering the cellular and molecular evolution of AD. MRI and PET are now being increasingly used to investigate neuroimaging features in mouse models and provide the basis for rapid translation to the clinical setting. Here, we provide an overview of the human MRI and PET imaging landscape as a prelude to an in-depth review of preclinical imaging in mice. A broad range of mouse models recapitulate certain aspects of the human AD, but no single model simulates the human disease spectrum. We focused on the two of the most popular mouse models, the 3xTg-AD and the 5xFAD models, and we summarized all known published MRI and PET imaging data, including contrasting findings. The goal of this review is to provide the reader with broad framework to guide future studies in existing and future mouse models of AD. We also highlight aspects of MRI and PET imaging that could be improved to increase rigor and reproducibility in future imaging studies.

Highlights

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have made great strides in the diagnosis and our understanding of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
LOAD is a continuum of symptoms that progress from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to severe dementia, often spanning decades
In contrast to the findings summarized above, Carreras and colleagues did not find any significant differences in any spectroscopic metabolites in 7-month-old 3xTg-AD mice using ex vivo 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in hippocampal tissue punches, but these findings were not compared to WT mice [125]

Summary

Introduction

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have made great strides in the diagnosis and our understanding of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). MRI and PET are being increasingly used to investigate neuroimaging features in mouse models and provide the basis for rapid translation to the clinical setting. We provide an overview of the human MRI and PET imaging landscape as a prelude to an in-depth review of preclinical imaging in mice. We focused on the two of the most popular mouse models, the 3xTg-AD and the 5xFAD models, and we summarized all known published MRI and PET imaging data, including contrasting findings. The goal of this review is to provide the reader with broad framework to guide future studies in existing and future mouse models of AD. Mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin (PSEN1 and PSEN2) genes are important contributors to early onset familial variants [8]. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations

Objectives

Results

Conclusion