Neuroendocrine neoplasms of kidney

Abstract

The most common anatomical localization of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are the digestive and bronchopulmonary systems, the total proportion of which exceeds 90 % of cases of this group of tumors. In turn, the remaining cases are represented by extremely rare primary neuroendocrine neoplasms of the head and neck, skin, female genital organs, mammary gland, bladder and kidney. Due to the extremely rare observations and the lack of standardized approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the kidneys are of significant clinical interest. The true incidence of NENs of the kidney has not yet been established. We carried out a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing treatment in National Medical Research Centre of Oncology n. a. N. N. Blokhin (Moscow, Russia) from 1992 to 2015. According to the results of a sample of patients among registered 12,013 cases of malignant neoplasms of the kidney with NEN of the kidney, the number of morphologically verified cases of NEN of the kidney was 9 cases (0.07 %). Among the patients included in the study group, the main part was represented by highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (7 cases; 77.8 %), small cell cancer (1 case; 11.1 %), large cell neuroendocrine cancer (1 case; 11.1 %). The average age of the patients was 51 years (40–63 years; median – 55 years), among which there were 4 women and 5 men. In addition, we conducted an analysis of the clinical, morphological and molecular biological characteristics of tumors with the study and assessment of the grade Ki-67, which was a determining factor in predicting survival and choosing treatment tactics.