Abstract
The brain and the human nervous system are perhaps the most researched but least understood components of the human body. This is so because of the complex nature of its working and the high density of functions. The monitoring of neural signals could help one better understand the working of the brain and newer recording and monitoring methods have been developed ever since it was discovered that the brain communicates internally by means of electrical pulses. Neural signal communication is achieved by the production and propagation of small electrical signals produced by the nerve cells called neurons. Neuroelectronics is the field which deals with the interface between electronics or semiconductors to living neurons. This includes monitoring of electrical activity from the brain as well as the development of feedback devices for stimulation of parts of the brain for treatment of disorders. This paper reviews the basic principles of Neuroelectronics which are used to develop several applications ranging from diagnostic tools to brain-computer interfaces, neural stimulation and several others.
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