Neurodynamic properties and psychological characteristics of high qualification sportships with different sports trainings

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to compare the neurodynamic and individual-typological properties of temperament in high-class athletes with a different experience of sports training specializing in kayaking and canoeing. Diagnostic complex Diagnostic-1 was used to determine neurodynamic characteristics, psychophysiological properties of the nervous system (MV Makarenko, VS Lyzohub); to determine the individual-typological properties of temperament – the test H.J. Eysenk. The overwhelming majority of athletes-kayaks were characterized by the average functional mobility of the nervous processes and the low strength of the nervous system, the reduced efficiency of sensorimotor activity, while the majority of athletes specializing in kayaking – above the average functional mobility of the nervous processes and the average strength of the nervous system and high / above average efficiency of sensorimotor activity. In the group of athletes with a great athletic experience (kayaking), the prevalence of respondents with choleric and sanguine type of temperament, low and average emotional resistance was revealed. Among the athletes-kanoists the predominance of emotionally unstable respondents with a choleric type of temperament was revealed. The higher psycho-physiological status (on the indicators of functional mobility and the strength of the nerve process and the efficiency of sensorimotor activity) was demonstrated by athletes with a large athletic experience (kayaking), as compared to athletes-kanoists who were less experienced in athletic training. The revealed differences in the individual-typological properties of the higher parts of the central nervous system in athletes with different levels of adaptation to longterm physical activity of a certain type (canoe / kayak) can have a predictive value and are used to optimize sports improvement in this sport.