Abstract
Recently, advances in perinatal and neonatal intensive care during the last decades have led to a dramatic increased survival of extremely preterm and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI, <1,000 g). These have influenced the rates of neonatal morbidity and neurodevelopmental impairment. Neurodevelopmental outcome is being used as the most important measure of successful neonatal care and has to be assessed, not only in the short term, but also in the long term. Long-term follow-up of ELBWI is necessary to identify neurodevelopmental outcomes with a wide array from major neurosensory disability to high prevalence/ low severity dysfunction in early childhood, school age and young adulthood.
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