Neurocognitive impairment and psychosocial functioning in bipolar II disorder

Abstract

There is a growing body of evidence on neurocognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients, but this issue has been studied mostly in bipolar I disorder, data on bipolar II (BD-II) are scant and discrepant. The two aims of this study were to ascertain whether strictly defined euthymic BD-II patients would present neurocognitive disturbances and to evaluate their impact on functional outcome. Forty-three BD-II patients and 42 demographically and educationally matched healthy subjects were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and with the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). The euthymia criteria were reduced (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score ≤6 and a Young Mania Rating Scale score ≤6) to minimize the influence of subdepressive symptomatology on cognition and functioning. BD-II patients showed a significantly lower performance on several measures of attention, learning and verbal memory, and executive function compared with healthy controls. The presence of subthreshold depressive symptomatology and one measure related to executive function (Trail Making Test, part B) was the variables that best predicted psychosocial functioning measured with the SOFAS. This report provides further evidence that euthymic BD-II patients present cognitive impairment which may impact psychosocial functioning.