Neurocognitive Deficits in Patients with Remitted Bipolar I Disorder and Unaffected First-Degree Relatives

Abstract

MethodsZZTwenty four unaffected first-degree relatives of probands with bipolar I disorder (BD) were included in the study as an equal number of remitted BD patients and healthy controls who were matched on age, sex, years of education, and general intelligence. Cognitive assessments were performed using the Digit Span Test, Continuous Performance Test, Rey Auditory & verbal Learning Test, Complex Figure Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Finger Tapping Test. The effect of subsyndromal symptomatology was controlled.