Abstract
Trust and reciprocity are cornerstones of human nature, both at the levels of close interpersonal relationships and economic/societal structures. Being able to both place trust in others and decide whether to reciprocate trust placed in us is rooted in implicit and explicit processes that guide expectations of others, help reduce social uncertainty, and build relationships. This review will highlight neurobehavioral mechanisms supporting trust and reciprocity, through the lens of implicit and explicit social appraisal and learning processes. Significant consideration will be given to the neural underpinnings of these implicit and explicit processes, and special focus will center on the underlying neurocomputational mechanisms facilitating the integration of implicit and explicit signals supporting trust and reciprocity. Finally, this review will conclude with a discussion of how we can leverage findings regarding the neurobehavioral mechanisms supporting trust and reciprocity to better inform our understanding of mental health disorders characterized by social dysfunction.
Highlights
All aspects of human social life are based on trust and reciprocity
Bestowed trust Risk associated with trust Prior experience of reciprocity Threat of punishment to trust and reciprocate are informed by implicit and explicit processes, how updating social expectations may be influenced by social priors, and how social and reward-related neural circuits support trust and reciprocity
Direct experience of reciprocity serves as both a socially rewarding commodity (Phan et al, 2010) that fluctuates based on patterns of cooperation (Rilling et al, 2002; Phan et al, 2010) and an explicit social learning signal that can guide trust decisions
Summary
Reviewed by: Hongbo Yu, Yale University, United States Brent L. Trust and reciprocity are cornerstones of human nature, both at the levels of close interpersonal relationships and economic/societal structures. Being able to both place trust in others and decide whether to reciprocate trust placed in us is rooted in implicit and explicit processes that guide expectations of others, help reduce social uncertainty, and build relationships. This review will highlight neurobehavioral mechanisms supporting trust and reciprocity, through the lens of implicit and explicit social appraisal and learning processes. This review will conclude with a discussion of how we can leverage findings regarding the neurobehavioral mechanisms supporting trust and reciprocity to better inform our understanding of mental health disorders characterized by social dysfunction
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