Neuraminidase inhibitors in the treatment of influenza A and B--overview and case reports.

Abstract

Influenza viruses type A and B can cause a wide spectrum of illness, and they are responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity. With the new neuraminidase inhibitors, of which zanamivir was the first drug to be licensed, the physician has antivirals at his disposal which are safe and effective against both influenza virus type A and type B. Available data from clinical Phase III studies indicate benefits in terms of a reduction in the median time to alleviation of major symptoms by 1.5 to 3 days when treatment is started within 36 to 48 h after onset of influenza. Similar results have been obtained with oseltamivir. Neuraminidase inhibitors provide a valuable treatment option, particularly for individuals not protected by vaccination, and those at high risk of influenza-related complications. The study results obtained so far indicate that patients with pre-existing diseases and those with severe influenza symptoms profit most from the treatment. This is confimed by our own experience in treating severe influenza conditions.