Abstract

Abstract Neural tube defects (NTDs) are congenital malformations of the central nervous system and axial skeleton that range from the fatal to the asymptomatic. NTDs can be classified according to the embryonic event that is disturbed, and can result from a variety of genetic defects and environmental influences. Understanding the genetic and embryonic basis of NTDs is revealing the underlying developmental mechanisms, and enabling new approaches towards prevention of these serious birth defects. This strategy is exemplified by the ability of folic acid and other small molecules to prevent spina bifida.

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