NEURAL CONDUCTION AT TOURNIQUET TEST

Abstract

We review data available on short-term local ischemia on nerve conduction in humans; diagnostic value of this test and its significance in normal and pathological condition are evaluated. Different methods of local ischemia are reviewed; main trends of neuronal conduction changes in normal and pathological conditions are summarized. Are known experimental studies in which to assess of the reserve possibilities of the peripheral nervous system is used short-term influence of ischemia, so called tourniquet test, on the parameters of the conduct of pulse of the nerve, the excitability of axons. Most clinical and experimental studies of the effect of short-term neural ischemia devoted to the study of excitability of nerves. To investigate of the excitability of nerves used the method of «threshold tracking». However, the conventional method of determining of the neural conduction in clinical practice is the simplest, least expensive and also reflects of the resistance to local short-term compression of nerves in diabetes mellitus, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Tourniquet test in the form of local short limb ischemia of the peripheral nerves in normal conditions leads to a natural reduction in neural conductivity and can be used as a method of standardization and regulation of neural conduction parameters of the peripheral nerves. The degree of reduction of neural conduction depends on the duration of the compression, place (shoulder, forearm), cuff width, age. Tourniquet test has a diagnostic informative in assessing of the reactivity of neural conduction, because the nerve fibers in various pathological conditions are resistant to local ischemia.