Neural and Behavioral Correlates of Binge Eating in 9- to 10-Year-Old Children

Abstract

This observational study compared children with and without binge eating (BE) on biobehavioral measures of reward responsiveness, inhibitory control, and emotion processes, while accounting for the impact of weight. Children aged 9 to 10 years completed the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (316 with BE; 7,681 without BE [no-BE]). The prevalence of binge-eating disorder in the BE group was 17.0%; clinically significant internalizing and externalizing symptoms were endorsed by 8.5% and 4.5% of the sample, respectively. The monetary incentive delay (MID) task, stop signal task (SST), and emotional N-Back (EN-Back) task were administered during neuroimaging. Analyses assessed effects of group (BE vs no-BE) on task performance and corresponding neural signal in regions of interest (ROIs). Weight status was evaluated as a covariate and as a moderator of effects. Adjusting for weight status, the BE group (vs no-BE) group showed lower activation during anticipation of reward, specifically large reward (vs no reward), in the composite ROI consisting of the dorsal striatum, nucleus accumbens, orbital frontal gyrus, amygdala, and insula. Groups did not differ significantly in other behavioral or neural outcomes. No interactions between group and weight status were observed. Blunted anticipatory responses to monetary reward were associated with binge eating during peri-adolescence and may play a role in binge eating pathophysiology. Results challenge prior findings in BE that may be confounded by weight, and highlight the importance of future prospective research across binge-eating disorder stage of illness.