Networking Fundamentals

Abstract

This chapter introduces to basics of computer networking and associated widely used essential networking communication protocols. The chapter provides the comparison of OSI and TCP model along with details of internet layer protocols including internet protocol (IP), IP addressing schemes, internet control messaging protocol (ICMP), etc. Next, the chapter discusses transport layer protocols transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) in detail. Application layer protocols including dynamic host control protocol (DHCP), secure shell (SSH), file transfer protocol (FTP), trivial FTP (TFTP), simple network management protocol (SNMP), hyper text transfer protocol secure (HTTPS), network time protocol (NTP), domain name system (DNS), and simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) are also explained in this chapter. One just cannot attack a networking protocol without knowing how it works. Having a solid introduction about computer networking and network protocols is fundamental in the ethical hacking world. This chapter quickly revisits all essential concepts related to computer networking.