Abstract
We developed a digital water management toolkit to evaluate the importance of the connections between water bodies and the impacts caused by pollution sources. By representing water bodies in a topological network, the relationship between point loads and basic water quality parameters is examined as a labelled network. The labels are defined based on the classification of the water bodies and pollution sources. The analysis of the topology of the network can provide information on how the possible paths of the surface water network influence the water quality. The extracted information can be used to develop a monitoring- and evidence-based decision support system. The methodological development is presented through the analysis of the physical-chemical parameters of all surface water bodies in Hungary, using the emissions of industrial plants and wastewater treatment plants. Changes in water quality are comprehensively assessed based on the water quality data recorded over the past 10 years. The results illustrate that the developed method can identify critical surface water bodies where the impact of local pollution sources is more significant. One hundred six critical water bodies have been identified, where special attention should be given to water quality improvement.
Highlights
The Water Framework Directive, adopted in 2000, was a pioneering approach to water protection that provides a good water status at river basin level based on a precise timetable (Directive, 2000)
This overview contains all the time series data for each water body, thereby providing a comprehensive picture of the range and frequency of water quality parameters in Hungarian surface waters, which is a good indication of our remaining Water Framework Directive good ecological status tasks
This research has laid the foundations of a network analysisbased water quality assessment framework
Summary
The Water Framework Directive, adopted in 2000, was a pioneering approach to water protection that provides a good water status at river basin level based on a precise timetable (Directive, 2000). In the case of this ambitious goal, many countries are far from achieving good ecological statuses. The monitoring- and evaluation systems need to be further improved and integrated (Carvalho et al, 2019). The results of the previous 21 years show a paradigm shift towards integrated thinking (Voulvoulis et al, 2017). Tools for root cause analysis and integrated strategy management should focus on effect-based triggers (Brack et al, 2017). We deal with the integrated analysis of the status of surface water bodies in Hungary, for which we use the tools of data- and network science
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