Abstract

Recent advances in wireless sensor technology have enabled simultaneous exploitation of multiple channels in wireless sensor systems. In this paper, a novel time synchronization algorithm is proposed for multichannel Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) called Multi-Channel Time Synchronization (MCTS) protocol. Time synchronization is critical for many WSN applications and enables efficient communications between sensor nodes along with intelligent spectrum access. Contrary to many existing protocols that do not exploit multi-channel communications, the protocol takes advantage of potential multiple channels and distributes the synchronization of different nodes to distinct channels and thus, reduces the convergence time of synchronization processes significantly.

Highlights

  • Evolution of high-tech and tiny Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) has provided the platform for successful implementation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

  • Since wireless sensors are often colocated with Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), coexistence of IEEE 802.15.4 based sensor networks and IEEE 802.11 b/g/n systems has gained a lot of attention recently [29,30]

  • In the first simulation all 16 channels were available for all WSN nodes, except the channels that are occupied by the WLAN transmitter, and we studied the impact of network size on the performance of Multi-Channel Time Synchronization (MCTS) and Timing-sync Protocol for Sensor Networks (TPSN)

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Summary

Introduction

Evolution of high-tech and tiny Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) has provided the platform for successful implementation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Sensors equipped with cognitive radios are aware of their environment and internal state, and can make decisions about their radio operating behavior based on that information and predefined objectives This enables more reliable packet delivery and more efficient utilization of scarce spectrum resources. Industrial control applications require accurate time synchronization in order to achieve predictable data collection and enable reliable event logging [9]. Another promising application for WSNs is structural health monitoring which requires simultaneous vibration measurements [10]. A network-wide time synchronization protocol is proposed especially for multi-channel WSNs called MCTS.

Related Work
Multi-Channel Time Synchronization
Case Study
Practical Considerations
Performance Analysis
Convergence Time Bounds for an Individual Node
Network Convergence Time
Simulation Results for WSNs under
Root Node Selection for MCTS
Conclusions

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