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Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) constitutes the next step in the field of technology, bringing enormous changes in industry, medicine, environmental care, and urban development. Various challenges are to be met in forming this vision, such as technology interoperability issues, security and data confidentiality requirements, and, last but not least, the development of energy efficient management systems. In this paper, we explore existing networking communication technologies for the IoT, with emphasis on encapsulation and routing protocols. The relation between the IoT network protocols and the emerging IoT applications is also examined. A thorough layer‐based protocol taxonomy is provided, while how the network protocols fit and operate for addressing the recent IoT requirements and applications is also illustrated. What is the most special feature of this paper, compared to other survey and tutorial works, is the thorough presentation of the inner schemes and mechanisms of the network protocols subject to IPv6. Compatibility, interoperability, and configuration issues of the existing and the emerging protocols and schemes are discussed based on the recent advanced of IPv6. Moreover, open networking challenges such as security, scalability, mobility, and energy management are presented in relation to their corresponding features. Lastly, the trends of the networking mechanisms in the IoT domain are discussed in detail, highlighting future challenges.
Highlights
In recent years, the use of the Internet has become a necessity in many aspects of the everyday life
Various types of implementation and alternatives are being developed to cover its faults and be more efficient for different kinds of application. This survey paper was focused on conducting a detailed analysis, comparison, and discussion of qualification on various technologies suitable for the Internet of Things (IoT) networking platform
Focus was given on the evaluation and qualification of the suitable network encapsulation and routing protocols
Summary
The use of the Internet has become a necessity in many aspects of the everyday life. Efficient energy and data management systems are required, with the aim of greening the IoT systems [4] All of these challenges need to be addressed according to the adopted type of networking technologies. Aiming to provide a better understanding of the IoT architecture and technologies usage, the presented taxonomy contributes to efficiently separating suitable IoT technologies into data link layer protocols, network encapsulation protocols, and routing protocols according to each standard.
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