Abstract
Inter cell interference (ICI) is a major challenge that degrades the performance of mobile systems, particularly for cell-edge users. This problem arises significantly in the next-generation system, as the trend of deployment is with high densification, which yields an ultra-dense network (UDN). One of the challenges in UDN is the dramatic increase of ICI from surrounding cells. A common technique to minimize ICI is interference coordination techniques. In this context, the most efficient ICI coordination is fractional frequency reuse (FFR). This paper investigates the FFR in UDN millimeter wave network at 26-GHz band. The focus is on dense network with short inter site distance, and higher order sectorisation (HOS). The metrics used in frequency reuse is the signal to interference plus noise ratio rather than the distance, as the line of sight in millimeter wave can be easily blocked by obstacles even if they are in close proximity to the serving base station. This paper shows that FFR can improve the network performance in terms of per user cell-edge data throughput and average cell throughput, and maintain the peak data throughput at a certain threshold. Furthermore, HOS has a potential gain over default sectored cells when the interference is carefully coordinated. The results show optimal values for bandwidth split per each scenario in FFR scheme to give the best tradeoff between inner and outer zone users performance.
Highlights
THE fifth generation (5G) is the generation of wireless system for mobile networks to achieve very low latency, higher spectral efficiency, high data throughput, and to provide flexibility in design and implementation [1].Due to the popularity of data hungry devices such as smart phones and tablets, this has increased the demands for faster mobile data traffic
The network model is illustrated in fig.1, it consists of millimetre wave nodes that connect a number of User Equipment (UEs) that either lie in inner zone supporting Frequency Reuse Factor 1 (FRF1) or outer zone which support Frequency Reuse Factor 3 (FRF3)
signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) threshold is defined so that any user equipment (UEs) will exceed this threshold will be considered in the inner zone with FRF1, while UEs fail to achieve this threshold will be in the area of FRF3, in this area, FRF3 aim to improve the SINR on the account of reduced resources
Summary
THE fifth generation (5G) is the generation of wireless system for mobile networks to achieve very low latency, higher spectral efficiency, high data throughput, and to provide flexibility in design and implementation [1]. The reuse factor is 25%, and called Frequency Reuse Factor 3 (FRF3) This scheme can highly minimise the co-channel interference among nearby cells, it reduces the spectrum efficiency. In 3G/4G networks, all cells have the same carrier frequency and same bandwidth (reuse factor is 100 per cent), and called Frequency Reuse Factor 1 (FRF1), which increases the spectrum efficiency but at the expense of increasing the interference from nearby cells [2] Another technique can trade-off the aforementioned frequency reuse techniques, where every cell can transmit in the same frequency in the centre area; allocating the major part of the resources to this area, while the cell-edge area will use different resources to reduce interference, this technique known as Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) [2][3].
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