Abstract
In this paper, we obtained the optimized network allocation vector (NAV) for underwater handshaking-based protocols, as inefficient determination of the NAV leads to unnecessarily long silent periods. We propose a scheme which determines the NAV by taking into account all possible propagation delays: propagation delay between a source and a destination; propagation delay between a source and the neighbors; and propagation delay between a destination and the neighbors. Such an approach effectively allows the NAV to be determined precisely equal to duration of a busy channel, and the silent period can be set commensurate to that duration. This allows for improvements in the performance of handshaking-based protocols, such as the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol, in terms of throughput and fairness. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, performance comparisons were carried out through simulations with prior NAV setting methods. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the other schemes in terms of throughput and fairness.
Highlights
Underwater communication has been receiving tremendous attention due to its application in underwater areas where it is difficult for humans to be constantly present
We proposed a technique to optimize the network allocation vector (NAV) used in underwater handshaking-based protocols such as the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol by eliminating the unnecessary long silent periods
To eliminate the unnecessary long silent periods, the proposed scheme supplies the neighbor nodes with the timing information about the propagation delays between a source and a destination, between a neighbor and a source, and between a neighbor and a destination, so that the
Summary
Underwater communication has been receiving tremendous attention due to its application in underwater areas where it is difficult for humans to be constantly present. In [25], the authors proposed UW-CSMA/CA (CSMA/CA for underwater communication) in which an NAV contains the maximum propagation delay of a network, thereby avoiding collisions. We propose a scheme to determine the NAV by taking into account the propagation delay of the underwater acoustic channel. Sense multiple access/collision avoidance for underwater communications Another issue caused by the long propagation delay in underwater acoustic channels is the unfairness between nodes. In case of a constant NAV, Neighbor 2, located farther away from the destination, Another issue caused by the long propagation delay in underwater acoustic channels is the unfairness between nodes.
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