Abstract
Abstract Parental roles in nestling provisioning and composition of prey brought to nestlings are not well-studied for North American woodpeckers (Picidae). We studied nestling diets and the role of adult Hairy (Picoides villosus) and White-headed woodpeckers (Picoides albolarvatus) in provisioning nestlings and nest sanitation during 2009–2011 in managed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests, Cascade Range, Washington, USA. Male White-headed Woodpeckers removed fecal material from cavities more frequently than females; a difference we did not observe between sexes in Hairy Woodpeckers. Male and female White-headed Woodpeckers, and female Hairy Woodpeckers, fed significantly more small (beak closed when holding prey) than large prey (beak unable to close when holding prey) to nestlings. We did not find differences in provisioning rates by sex of the parent, by nestling age, or by date of provisioning trip for either species. Morisita's Index (C) of diet overlap showed a large similarity in the nestling...
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