Nesfatin-1 and Vaspin as Potential Novel Biomarkers for the Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Radzisław Mierzyński,Elżbieta Poniedziałek-Czajkowska,Dominik Dłuski,Maciej Majsterek,Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar,Jolanta Patro-Małysza,Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak

doi:10.3390/ijms20010159

Radzisław Mierzyński, Elżbieta Poniedziałek-Czajkowska + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010159

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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is considered to be one of the most frequent medical complication observed among pregnant women. The role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of GDM remains strictly unknown. Different adipokines have been studied throughout gestation, and they have been proposed as biomarkers of GDM and other pregnancy-related complications; however, there is no biomarker reported for GDM screening at present. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum nesfatin-1 and vaspin levels in GDM and non-GDM women, to characterize the correlation between these adipokines, and to assess the potential role of circulating adipokines in the prediction of risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Serum concentrations of nesfatin-1 and vaspin were measured in 153 women with GDM, and in 84 patients with uncomplicated pregnancy by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Circulating levels of nesfatin-1 and vaspin were significantly lower in the GDM group than in the control group. Nesfatin-1 levels were negatively correlated with vaspin levels. The results of this study point out the possible role of nesfatin-1 and vaspin as potential novel biomarkers for the prediction and early diagnosis of GDM. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the influence of nesfatin-1 and vaspin on glucose metabolism in the early stages of GDM.

Highlights

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been defined as any degree of glucose intolerance, with beginning at or first detected at any time during pregnancy
The discrepancy between the results presented in this paper and previously reported in the literature might be explained by the different study protocols and patient selection processes, including: gestational age when samples were obtained—the second or third trimester, the type of GDM—treated only with diet or with insulin, which could be suggestive of the severity of metabolic disturbances, the gestational age at the diagnosis of GDM—the first or second trimester (“typical” gestational diabetes), the body mass index (BMI) value—from the pre-pregnancy period or at enrollment to the studies
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a problem that affects a significant number of pregnant women

Summary

Introduction

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been defined as any degree of glucose intolerance, with beginning at or first detected at any time during pregnancy. It is one of the most frequent medical complications observed among pregnant women [1]. The incidence of GDM varies widely, from 5 to 20% of all pregnancies, depending upon the type of test chosen, the population investigated, and the methodology employed. Women with GDM are at significantly higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after pregnancy, and at long-term risk of obesity and glucose intolerance in their offspring [2]

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