Nerve conduction studies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with HBA1C

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of neuropathy worldwide. Electrophysiological parameters may be abnormal even in newly diagnosed cases of Diabetes mellitus as it is insidious in onset. 1. To study pattern of neuropathy in type 2 Diabetes. 2. To correlate nerve conduction parameters with HbA1c. This cross sectional, descriptive study included all the diagnosed cases of type 2 Diabetes (n = 20; age: 56 ± 9.5) referred from OPD. Nerve conduction study (NCS) were performed in median, ulnar, tibial, common peroneal and sural nerve using Nihon Kohden machine in Neurophysiology lab 2, BPKIHS. NCS were performed in 20 patients out of whom 17 patients i.e. 85% had axonal pattern, 3 patient i.e.15% had mixed (axonal and demyelinating) pattern of neuropathy. Among sensory nerve; median, ulnar and sural were involved and among motor nerve; median and tibial nerve were mostly involved. Distal amplitude of median nerve showed significant negative correlation with HbA1c (rt; r = −0.621, p = .004; lt; r = −0.690, p = .001) and nerve conduction velocity of tibial nerve showed significant negative correlation with HbA1c respectively. In type 2 Diabetes patients mostly axonal pattern of neuropathy is seen. Distal amplitude and nerve conduction velocity were negatively correlated with HbA1c.