Nephroprotective potential of Spondias mombin against aluminum chloride induced-renal injury in female albino rats

Abstract

Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is a toxic to human and animals, and it’s widely distributed in the environment. Spondias mombin is a herbal medicine used as a therapy for several ailment, renal diseases inclusive. This study evaluated the protective potential of spondias monbin against aluminum chloride induced-nephrotoxicity in female albino rat. Fifteen (15) adult female rats were divided into three (3) groups of five rats each. Group I served as negative control and received distilled water and feed. Group II served as positive control and received AlCl3, and group III received aluminum chloride (100mg/kg body weight) and Spondias mombin (100mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. All treatment was given orally and lasted for a period of fourteen days. The result revealed that AlCl3 significantly (p<0.05) increases urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and reduced renal superoxide dismutase and catalase activity as compared to the control group. The histopathological result showed marked detectable histopathological alternations in the renal tissues including degenerated glomeruli showing wide urinary space, vacuolar degeneration of tubules, and necrosis of cells. However, serum urea, creatinine and malondialdehyde levels were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the Spondias mombin + AlCl3 administered rats. While, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were significantly (p<0.05) increased in Spondias mombin + AlCl3 administered rats compared with the control. In addition, no abnormal histological changes were observed in the Spondias mombin + AlCl3 administered rats compared with the AlCl3. The results indicate that Spondias mombin possess nephroprotective potential against AlCl3 induced renal injury via restoring oxidant/antioxidant balance.