Abstract

Calcium kidney stone formers (SF) excrete nephrocalcin (NC) that lacks γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) and has weak amphiphillic properties (1). Urinary NC from SF (sf NC) has a low affinity for calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals and inhibits their growth less than normal urinary NC (n NC) (1). Nephrocalcin isolated from human calcium kidney stones (stone NC) has the same structural defects as sf NC, but inhibits COM crystal growth as well as n NC (2). Since kidney stones can form by aggregation of small crystals whose growth has been retarded, stone NC could fail to prevent stone formation because of reduced inhibition of COM crystal aggregation.

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