Nepal at the Political Crossroads

Abstract

This article critically examines the Government of India's policy of ‘twin pillars’ (constitutional monarchy and multi-party democracy) in Nepal. It asserts that these two forces have not co-existed harmoniously: the inherent contradiction between them is one of the reasons for the political instability in Nepal. Other actors have emerged due to political instability and socio-economic alienation, including protest movements by the janjatis (ethnic nationalities), women, dalits and terains (people from the foothills and plains of Nepal). The Maoist armed movement, by challenging both the monarchy and political parties, has further worsened the situation. This article analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the three main political actors and advocates the adoption of an inclusive political formula for resolving the conflict. Political instability in Nepal has a direct impact upon India, which must therefore proactively use whatever leverage it has in Nepal to help resolve the conflict there.