Neotypification of Protoparmeliopsis garovaglii and molecular evidence of its occurrence in Poland and South America.

Jacek Urbaniak,Katarzyna Szczepańska,Lucyna Śliwa,Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus

doi:10.3897/mycokeys.57.34501

Jacek Urbaniak, Katarzyna Szczepańska + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.57.34501

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Abstract

Protoparmeliopsis garovaglii is a widely distributed placodioid lichen, which develops a distinctly rosette thallus, composed of elongated and strongly inflated to sinuous-plicate lobes. The taxon is characterised by high morphological plasticity and varied composition of secondary metabolites. However, the epithet was never typified. As such, the identity of P. garovaglii, in its strict sense, was unknown for a long time. Our phylogenetic ITS rDNA analyses, including newly generated sequences, show that European (Austria, Poland), North American (USA) and South American (Bolivia, Peru) specimens of P. garovaglii are placed in a strongly supported monophyletic clade, sister to P. muralis. We provide the first molecular evidence of the occurrence of P. garovaglii in South America (Bolivia and Peru) and the second record in Central Europe (Poland) was also provided. Furthermore, we neotypify P. garovaglii and it is reported here for the first time from Poland.

Highlights

The genus, Protoparmeliopsis Choisy, belongs to the large family of lichenised fungi Lecanoraceae
The Protoparmeliopsis genus was proposed by Choisy in 1929 with Protoparmeliopsis muralis indicated as a type species
The newly generated sequence from Poland is placed in a monophyletic clade [BS = 100%, posterior probability (PP) = 1] together with the Austrian sequence

Summary

Introduction

The genus, Protoparmeliopsis Choisy, belongs to the large family of lichenised fungi Lecanoraceae. It includes species with a placodioid or umbilicate type of thallus, growing on siliceous rocks or on soil (Zhao et al 2016). They produce lecanorine apothecia and Lecanora-type asci, containing hyaline, simple ascospores. The generic concept was not followed and, the majority of the lecanoroid species with characteristic placodioid thallus morphology were, for decades, included into the Lecanora subg. Recent studies have identified it as a well-supported, monophyletic clade nested within Lecanora s.l. and it has been subsequently posited to be accepted at the generic level (Kondratyuk et al 2014b; Miadlikowska et al 2014; Zhao et al 2016)

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