Abstract
This paper addresses a Drina-Ivanjica basement member, Drina Formation, characterized by ? controversial Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous age. The Drina Formation is also informally referred to as the ?Lower Drina Formation? and the ?Upper Drina Formation? including the Golija Formation as a conditional analog unit of the latter. A review of the biostratigraphic, sedimentary and paleogeographic constraints identified Drina Formation (Inner Dinarides) as a migrated crustal segment derived from a marginal section of northern Gondwana, being, however, of Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic age. The presence of arenites, pelites, conglomerates, scarce limestones, basic (sub)volcanics and tuffs of the volcano-sedimentary Drina Formation metamorphosed up to greenschist and locally up to amphibolite facies, coupled with the absence of felsic volcanism implies a passive margin setting. Considering the age, such environment was probably associated with the perplexed Lower Paleozoic Avalonian-Cadomian arc, situated along the former north Gondwanan active margin. More precisely, the Drina Formation originated from a depositional junction between the Gondwana sediment supplier (Sahara metacraton) and Cadomian arc. A comparison with the regional Early Paleozoic succession of the ?Kucaj Unit? (eastern Serbia) yields the absence of typical anchimetamorphic Silurian to Lower Devonian deep-marine fossil-bearing succession. The volcano-sedimentary passive margin system of Drina Formation is overlain by a late Variscan convergencerelated voluminous clastic sequence allocated as the Golija Formation.
Highlights
Positioned south of the European Variscides, basement units of Southeast Europe (SEE) – Dinarides and their lateral extension into Eastern Alps and Carpathian-Balkan-Hellenic arc represent a highly composite aggregation of displaced contrasting continental fragments derived from ancient plate boundaries
A recent discovery of Neoproterozoic palynomorphs within the Drina Formation (ĐAJIĆ, 2010; ĐAJIĆ et al, 2012) indicated that juvenile Drina–Ivanjica Entity (DIE) is a pre-Phanerozoic system which probably underwent the peri-Gondwanan “rift-drift” stage further implying Lower Paleozoic tectonic transport and Variscan accretion
By using the Drina Formation as the key spatio-temporal marker, this review study provides a pioneering, yet a crude reconstruction of the juvenile Neoproterozoic – Early Paleozoic DIE
Summary
Positioned south of the European Variscides, basement units of Southeast Europe (SEE) – Dinarides and their lateral extension into Eastern Alps and Carpathian-Balkan-Hellenic arc represent a highly composite aggregation of displaced contrasting continental fragments derived from ancient plate boundaries. Considering the fact that the Central European basement is dominated by the ancient continental masses of Gondwana, Baltica and Laurentia, the poorly constrained SEE basement inliers (Fig. 1) seem to be a cluster of pan-African fragments of the island and volcanic arcs This basement amalgamation consists of fragments that tectonically migrated throughout Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The concept of “multiple-oceans” (DIMITRIJEVIĆ & DIMITRIJEVIĆ, 1973; DIMITRIJEVIĆ, 1997) portrays a Middle Triassic–uppermost Jurassic Intradinaridic ocean (DIMITRIJEVIĆ, 2001) lately explained via Triassic seapaths between the isolated continental segments of the Dinarides (ARGNANI, 2018) Another concept advocating the “single-ocean” model or “two ophiolites-single ocean” places underthrusting Adriatic distal passive margin (including DIE) below the oceanic upper plate (e.g., PORKOLÁB et al, 2018; SCHMID et al, 2008; TOLJIĆ et al, 2018)
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