Neoproterozoic Attunga Eclogite in Eastern Australia Margin

Abstract

Europe is home to some of the largest mining companies in the world. Nevertheless, the separation of the eastern part of Russia from the Continent of Europe, following the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, reduces the mineral resources particularly with respect to platinum group metals, nickel, and chromium. Five European countries share some resources of nickel (2%) and chromium, and a negligible quantity of platinum group metals.Albania hosts chromium at Bulqiza and Kalimash Massifs, and nickeliferous/laterite nickel ore from Bitincke (35.6 Mt @ 1.2% Ni). Finland contributes chromium from Kemi Intrusion (40 Mt @ 26% Cr2O3, and komatiitic Ni–Cu–PGE from Lomalampi, Kevitsa–Satovaara (240 Mt grading 0.30% Ni, 0.42% Cu, 0.21 g/t Pt, 0.15 g/t Pd, and 0.11 g/t Au), Rytky, and Vaarsa komatiite intrusions. The Bruvann Ni–Cu–Co deposit/mine belongs to the Råna Intrusion in Norway.The significant mineral products of Spain, in terms of value, include copper, zinc, gold, steel, nickel, coal, cement, and alumina. Aguablanca Ni–Cu–PGE magmatic sulfide deposit is the sole open-pit/underground mine. The nickel–copper-sulfide mineralization hosted by gabbronorite occurs as massive, semimassive, and disseminated types I and II ores.