Neonatal development of projections from the basolateral amygdala to prefrontal, striatal, and thalamic structures in the rat.

Abstract

Recently, an animal model for neurodevelopmental disorders has been developed. In this model, the effects of an early neonatal (postnatal day 7 [Pd 7]) basolateral amygdala lesion are compared with the effects of a lesion later in life (Pd 21). The reported data indicate that amygdala damage at a specific point early in life results in enduring behavioral disturbances that become more manifest after puberty, for example, only an early lesion resulted in a disruption of the prepulse inhibition, which is also observed in people suffering from schizophrenia. Accordingly, it was postulated that the early damage may affect the neuroanatomic and neurochemical organization and functioning of other brain structures. This was studied by use of the anterograde tracers biotinylated dextran amine and Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. At neonatal days 7, 9, 11, 13, and 26, amygdaloid fibers were in particular present in the mediodorsal thalamus (MDT), nucleus accumbens (Acb), and prefrontal cortex (PFC). The development of the topography of the amygdaloid innervation, however, differed markedly for the MDT and Acb compared with the PFC. For the MDT and Acb, no major changes in innervation were observed between Pd 7 and Pd 26, whereas the innervation of the PFC reorganized from a neonatal diffuse (Pd 7 and 9) to a restricted pattern (Pd 11, 13, and 26). In addition, the innervation changed to an adult-like bilaminar pattern. These data provide information on the circuitry that may be involved in the aberrant neurodevelopment of neonatally amygdala-lesioned rats, which have been proposed as an animal model for neurodevelopmental psychopathological disorders.