Neonatal Bisphenol A Exposure Affects the IgM Humoral Immune Response to 4T1 Breast Carcinoma Cells in Mice.

Ricardo Hernández Avila,Margarita I Palacios-Arreola,Jorge Morales-Montor,Karen E Nava-Castro,Pedro Ostoa-Saloma

doi:10.3390/ijerph16101784

Ricardo Hernández Avila, Margarita I Palacios-Arreola + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101784

Copy DOI

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor of estrogenic nature. During the early stages of development, any exposure to BPA can have long-term effects. In this work, we study the potential alterations to the humoral antitumor immune (IgM) response in adult life after a single neonatal exposure to BPA. Female syngeneic BALB/c mice were exposed to a single dose of BPA of 250 μg/kg. Once sexual maturity was reached, a breast tumor was induced. After 25 days, the serum was obtained, and the populations of B cells in the spleen and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry. The reactivity of IgM was evaluated by 2D immunoblots. No significant changes were found in the B cell populations in the peripheral lymph nodes and the spleen. The level of ERα expression was not significantly different. However, the IgM reactivity was affected. In individuals treated with BPA, a decrease in the number of IgMs that recognize tumor antigens was observed. The possibility that these antibodies are the high affinity products of the adaptive response is discussed. The recognition of IgG was also evaluated but a null recognition was found in the controls as in the individuals treated with the 4T1 cells.

Highlights

The study of the humoral immune response to tumor antigens has the clinical value that antibodies can be used as tools for immunodiagnosis
As the Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important endocrine disruptering chemicals (EDCs) and its impact on immune regulation has been demonstrated, we evaluated the variation of the humoral immune response, which is caused by BPA in the B cell populations and measured this by flow cytometry
The percentage of the total B lymphocyte subpopulation was analyzed by cytometric staining of the peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) and the spleen of the experimental subjects

Summary

Introduction

The study of the humoral immune response to tumor antigens has the clinical value that antibodies can be used as tools for immunodiagnosis. There is currently no reliable immunodiagnostic test that can be used to determine the presence of a tumor in its initial stages This may be explained by the alterations of the antitumor response due to environmental factors, making it difficult to identify reliable biomarkers at this stage of tumor development. These environmental factors include some pollutants, which have been described as endocrine disruptering chemicals (EDCs) [1,2]. EDCs may have estrogenic, antiestrogenic or antiandrogenic activity These compounds are highly lipophilic and are stored for prolonged periods in adipose tissue [3]. BPA has been classified as an endocrine disruptor of estrogenic nature since it has an affinity for the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ, whose effects vary according to the dose, tissue and stage of

Methods

Results

Conclusion