Abstract
Abstract In this work, we present an analysis of 33,054 M-dwarf stars, located within 100 parsecs, via the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) full-frame images (FFIs) of observed sectors 1–5. We present a new pipeline called NEMESIS, developed to extract detrended photometry, and to perform transit searches of single-sector data in TESS FFIs. As many M-dwarfs are faint, and are not observed with a two-minute cadence by TESS, FFI transit surveys can provide an empirical validation of how many planets are missed, using the 30-minute cadence data. In this work, we detect 183 threshold crossing events, and present 29 candidate planets for sectors 1–5, 24 of which are new detections. Our sample contains orbital periods ranging from 1.25 to 6.84 days, and planetary radii from 1.26 to 5.31 R ⊕. With the addition of our new planet candidate detections, along with detections previously observed in sectors 1–5, we calculate an integrated occurrence rate of 2.49 ± 1.58 planets per star, for the period range ∈ [1, 9] days, and planet radius range ∈ [0.5,11] R ⊕. We project an estimated yield of 122 ± 11 transit detections of nearby M-dwarfs. Of our new candidates, 23 have signal-to-noise ratios >7, transmission spectroscopy metrics >38, and emission spectroscopy metrics >10. We present all of our data products for our planet candidates via the Filtergraph data visualization service, located at https://filtergraph.com/NEMESIS.
Highlights
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS; Ricker et al 2014) is the first most-sky space-based transit search mission and was was launched on 2018 April 18
We present an analysis of 33,054 M-dwarf stars, located within 100 parsecs, via the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) full-frame images (FFIs) of observed sectors 1–5
We explore the detectability of exoplanets transiting nearby M-dwarf stars, using our custom pipeline, NEMESIS, which is designed to extract photometry, and to detect transits observed in TESS FFIs for TESS sectors 1–5
Summary
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS; Ricker et al 2014) is the first most-sky space-based transit search mission and was was launched on 2018 April 18. TESS periodically fires its thrusters in order to unload the angular momentum built up from solar photon pressure at perigee, and throughout its orbit These periodic firings are commonly referred to as momentum dumps, and are described in more detail in the Data Release Notes (DRN) produced for each sector. To identify the optimal aperture mask around the target star, we perform a centroid analysis around the target’s pixel position on the median brightness image, using a bivariate quadratic function to approximate the core of a point-spread function. This centroiding technique was used in the Eleanor FFI pipeline (Feinstein et al 2019) and is described in more detail in Vakili & Hogg 2016
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