Abstract
Nematodes and fungi are soil inhabitants. Both are essential for maintaining the stability of food-web and facilitation of the nutrient cycle. Interaction between nematodes and fungi is possible in multiple ways. Here, we supply a platform for nematophagous (nematode destroying) fungi (NF), their mode of action, and their importance in agricultural ecosystems. They are potentially important for sustainable agriculture and play a major role in integrated pest management programs. Nematophagous fungi belong to a broad taxonomic group, such as Ascomycota, Oomycota, Basidiomycota, and distinct groups of fungi. Nematophagous fungi are broadly distributed in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems that contain high densities of nematodes. Depending on the mechanism that affects nematode, NF can be divided into four types. Here, we described the classification, taxonomy, occurrence, distribution and ecology, types of nematophagous fungi, and potential mechanisms of NF in the control of plant-parasitic nematodes.
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