Abstract
Nematode-resistant clonal rootstock use is limited in Turkey. Throughout a 3-year-study (2012-2014), targeted rootstock candidates were obtained through hybridization between almond and plum cultivars. Some characteristics, such as strong growth ability, compatibility with other almond cultivars, nematode resistance, and rooting of the cuttings were common among the hybrid types. In the hybridization studies, one almond cultivar (Ferragnes) and 2 plum (Myrobalan and Pissardi nigra, both belonging to Prunus cerasifera) were used as female parents, and 2 plum (Myrobalan and Pissardi nigra) and 2 almond cultivars [Ferragnes and AB3 (Amygdalus orientalis Mill. Type)] were used as male parents. In total, 6 combined hybridizations were made: Myrobalan × Ferragnes, AB3 × Myrobalan, Pissardi nigra × Ferragnes, AB3 × Pissardi nigra, Ferragnes × Myrobalan, and Ferragnes × Pissardi nigra. Some hybrid characteristics, such as budding affinity, nematode-resistance, and rooting of the cuttings were considered and the results were evaluated according to the weight-rank method. After consideration of the selected characteristics, the highest scored hybrids, FS2, FS19, FS22, FS23, and FC4, were evaluated as nematode-resistant almond rootstock clone candidates.
Highlights
Turkey is one of the most important areas in Eurasia due to its high number of plant species
Almond seedling production is generally conducted by rootstocks through direct germination of the seeds, and cv
In Turkey, imported GF677, GN, and Rootpack series have been used as clonal rootstocks in almond cultivation for the last 20, 10, and 5 years, respectively
Summary
Turkey is one of the most important areas in Eurasia due to its high number of plant species. Such plant diversity is the result of extreme altitudinal differences, providing a wealth of habitats, such as rocky slopes in deep, disjunct valleys. Turkey produces 85,000 tons of almonds annually and ranks 6th in global almond production (FAO, 2018). Almond seedling production is generally conducted by rootstocks through direct germination of the seeds, and cv. In Turkey, imported GF677, GN, and Rootpack series have been used as clonal rootstocks in almond cultivation for the last 20, 10, and 5 years, respectively. There is a need to develop clonal rootstock for almond cultivation.
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