NEMA: Node Energy Monitoring Algorithm for Zone Head Selection in mobile ad-hoc network using residual battery power of node

Abstract

The Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) is emerging as a potential hybrid routing algorithm. By using two kinds of routing protocol i.e. IARP and IERP, ZRP not only abates control overhead, but also minimizes end-to-end delay. The resent research on performance of ZRP indicates that routing overhead is still a significant issue and need more improvements. In this paper we focus on improving ZRP protocol by adding energy constraints in it so that the protocol works efficiently in MANET and improves network lifetime. To implement this we divide our proposed algorithm in two parts. In first part we design Zone Head Selection Algorithm (ZHSA) to make various zones and then select zone head (ZH) such that it must have maximum residual power. For this we use Max-heap tree concept to select maximum residual power node which act as ZH in our network. In second part, we design Node Energy Monitoring Algorithm (NEMA) which monitor change in the residual energy of each node and set different phases to each node based on residual energy levels. By using this mechanism the node who acts as ZH will not die because of energy starvation and hence the network lifetime is improved to some extent.