Neither early nor late for becoming pregnant: Comparison of the perinatal outcomes of adolescent, reproductive age, and advanced maternal age pregnancies.

Ali Galip Zebitay,Zehra Kurdoğlu,Oğuz Yücel,Orkun Çetin,Fatma Ferda Verit,Zuhal Aydın

doi:10.4274/tjod.94758

Abstract

Objective:To compare perinatal and short-term neonatal outcomes of adolescent, reproductive age, and advanced maternal age (AMA) pregnancies in a low-income region of İstanbul.Materials and Methods:Three hundred six adolescents, 301 reproductive age, and 303 AMA pregnant women who delivered in Süleymaniye Education and Research Hospital between January 1st 2007, and January 31st 2015, were recruited to the study population. The clinical, obstetric and short-term neonatal outcomes of the women were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Adolescent and AMA pregnancies were associated with severe adverse perinatal and short-term neonatal outcomes compared with reproductive-age women. Adolescent and AMA pregnancies had quite similar risks in obstetric outcomes. Adolescent pregnancies were related with severe adverse short-term neonatal outcomes when compared with advanced maternal age pregnancies.Conclusion:Adolescent and AMA pregnancies should be defined as high-risk pregnancies. Our research indicated that healthcare providers such as obstetricians, midwives, and family physicians should be alert in these populations.

Highlights

The effect of maternal age as a risk factor for pregnancy has been well studied
advanced maternal age (AMA) pregnancies were characterized by a significantly higher risk of multiple gestation (Odds ratio (OR): 2.19, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.13-4.26), history of fetal death (OR: 35.34, 95% CI: 4.87-256.37), history of preterm birth (p=0.001), assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancies (p=0.001), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (OR: 3.60, 95% CI: 2.12-6.12) and gestational hypertension (GHT) (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.23-3.50) compared with adolescent pregnancies
The main consequences of the current study were that both adolescent and AMA pregnancies were associated with severe adverse perinatal and short-term neonatal outcomes compared with reproductive-age women

Summary

Introduction

The effect of maternal age as a risk factor for pregnancy has been well studied. Having a baby in early or late years of a woman’s life may be related to adverse perinatal outcomes[1]. Adolescent pregnancy was described by the World Health Organization as pregnancy in girls aged between 10-19 years[2]. It is a substantial health and social matter around the world,(3) most cases were seen in developing countries and carry remarkable risk[2]. A previous study indicated that deficient uterine vascularity associated with decreased fetal oxygenation and increased risk of hypertension in older women were the main reasons for adverse perinatal outcomes in AMA[8]. The aim of the present study was to compare perinatal and short-term neonatal outcomes of adolescent, reproductive age, and AMA pregnancies in a low-income region of İstanbul

Methods

Results

Conclusion