Abstract
This study aims to map the ontological and epistemological aspects of Negotiative Hermeneutics through a philosophical approach. Negotiative Hermeneutics is a new hermeneutic model initiated by Khaled Abou El Fadl to criticize gender-biased and misogyny fatwas issued by Al-Lajnah ad-Dā`imah li al-Buhūts al-'Ilmiyyah wa al-Iftā`, or the Fatwa Committee Saudi Arabia. Prioritizing texts understanding through a psychological, social context, and other perspective makes this model different from other hermeneutics. Negotiative Hermeneutics more focuses on the negotiation process for sustainable in the three pillars of hermeneutics: author, text, and reader. This iterative process on linguistic, cultural, etc. This study analyzed the weaknesses of the Negotiative Hermeneutics negotiation movement based on the misogyny fatwa case of the Saudi Arabian Fatwa Committee using the critical discourse analysis method. The results indicated that the text is ontologically sacred and authoritative; authorship of the Quran and the Prophet Sunnah stopped at the first author. The epistemological viewed meaning is obtained from endless negotiations among the three pillars of hermeneutics. The weakness is Khaled's disregard for the fact that the ulama's fatwa depends on royal authority. Last, the significance of this paper, especially regarding the shortcomings in Khaled's theory, is to present evidence that a fatwa produced by the ulama's ijtihad is not autonomous at all, even from the ulama itself, because it is also the result of a bargaining chip between ulama and the royal authority
Highlights
The name Khaled Abou El Fadl - after this referred to as Khaled - has appeared in Islamic law discourse for the last two decades
This study aims to map the ontological and epistemological aspects of Negotiative Hermeneutics through a philosophical approach
Negotiative Hermeneutics is a new hermeneutic model initiated by Khaled Abou El Fadl to criticize gender-biased and misogyny fatwas issued by Al-Lajnah ad-Dāimah li al-Buhūts al-’Ilmiyyah wa al-Iftāor the Fatwa Committee Saudi Arabia
Summary
Artikel ini menjelaskan model baru hermeneutika yang digagas oleh Khaled Abou El Fadl, yaitu Hermeneutika Negosiatif. Hermeneutika Negosiatif ini digunakan Khaled untuk mengkritik fatwa-fatwa bias gender dan misogini yang dikeluarkan oleh Al-Lajnah ad-Dāimah li alBuhūts al-‘Ilmiyyah wa al-Iftāatau Komite Fatwa Arab Saudi. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis, tulisan ini juga akan menunjukkan kelemahan gerak negosiasi Hermeneutika Negosiatif, yang didasarkan pada kasus fatwa misogini dari Komite Fatwa Arab Saudi. Hermeneutika Negosiatif berpandangan bahwa makna didapat dari negosiasi yang tiada henti antara tiga pilar hermeneutika, yakni pengarang, teks, dan pembaca. Signifikansi tulisan ini, terutama mengenai kelemahan teori Khaled adalah menampilkan bukti bahwa suatu fatwa yang dihasilkan oleh ijtihad ulama sama sekali tidak otonom, bahkan dari ulama itu sendiri, sebab pada dasarnya ia juga hasil produksi tawar-menawar antara ulama dengan otoritas kerajaan atau pemerintahan
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