Neglected vulnerabilities in a rapidly urbanizing city: reflections on earthquake risks in Accra

Abstract

There is a critical need for awareness and urgent debate about the growing vulnerability of Accra to seismicity in the light of unregulated spatial growth and development. This has resulted from developers’ inability to adhere to the appropriate construction standards or city authorities’ failure to implement even the modest regulations. This study examines the vulnerability of Accra to earthquake risk using case studies in five seismic risk settlements. In an innovative methodology, the quality of building materials used in the research localities was analysed while the residents’ perception of earthquakes was examined through focus group discussions. The results show that most developers not only fail to comply with the requisite zoning practices, building codes and regulations but also use inferior building materials. Additionally, they hold misconceptions about their level of vulnerability. A proactive land use planning, strict compliance with existing regulations and the need to build the capacity of the National Disaster Management Organization are considered very prudent to help protect lives and properties.