Abstract
Numerous urban villages (UVs) with substandard living conditions that cause people to live there with vulnerability to health impacts, including vector-borne diseases such as dengue fever (DF), are major environmental and public health concerns in highly urbanized regions, especially in developing countries. It is necessary to explore the relationship between UVs and vector for effectively dealing with these problems. In this study, land-use types, including UVs, normal construction land (NCL), unused land (UL), vegetation, and water, were retrieved from the high-resolution remotely sensed imagery in the central area of Guangzhou in 2017. The vector density from May to October in 2017, including Aedes. albopictus (Ae. albopictus)’s Breteau index (BI), standard space index (SSI), and adult density index (ADI) were obtained from the vector surveillance system implemented by the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Furthermore, the spatial and temporal patterns of vector monitoring sites and vector density were analyzed on a fine scale, and then the Geodetector tool was further employed to explore the relationships between vector density and land-use types. The monitoring sites were mainly located in NCL (55.70%–56.44%) and UV (13.14%–13.92%). Among the total monitoring sites of BI (79), SSI (312), and ADI (326), the random sites accounted for about 88.61%, 97.12%, and 98.47%, respectively. The density of Ae. albopictus was temporally related to rainfall and temperature and was obviously differentiated among different land-use types. Meanwhile, the grids with higher density, which were mostly concentrated in the Pearl River fork zone that collects a large number of UVs, showed that the density of Ae. albopictus was spatially associated with the UVs. Next, the results of the Geodetector illustrated that UVs posed great impact on the density of Ae. albopictus across the central region of Guangzhou. We suggest that the number of monitoring sites in the UVs should be appropriately increased to strengthen the current vector surveillance system in Guangzhou. This study will provide targeted guidance for local authorities, making more effective control and prevention measures on the DF epidemics.
Highlights
Dengue fever (DF), as a mosquito-borne disease caused by one of the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV 1–4), mainly transmitted to humans by mosquito vectors, including Ae. albopictus and Aedes aegypti [1,2], is prevalent in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world and poses a serious threatInt
94% of indigenous cases in mainland China were reported from Guangdong Province, and 83% of these cases were in Guangzhou City, where Ae. albopictus is the sole vector of DF transmission [5,6]
We found that the current vector surveillance system was more dynamic, but it paid more attention to normal construction land (NCL) regions and relatively ignored the urban villages (UVs) which scattered in the whole region
Summary
Dengue fever (DF), as a mosquito-borne disease caused by one of the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV 1–4), mainly transmitted to humans by mosquito vectors, including Ae. albopictus and Aedes aegypti [1,2], is prevalent in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world and poses a serious threatInt. Dengue fever (DF), as a mosquito-borne disease caused by one of the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV 1–4), mainly transmitted to humans by mosquito vectors, including Ae. albopictus and Aedes aegypti [1,2], is prevalent in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world and poses a serious threat. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 2; doi:10.3390/ijerph17010002 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 2 to global public health [3,4]. Since there were no effective vaccines or specific therapies [7,8], the key practical way to prevent the spread of the dengue virus is to eliminate the Ae. albopictus by preventing them from breeding, which requires an effective vector surveillance system [9,10]
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