Abstract
An experimental study of the conditions for negative energy refraction and negative phase refraction in lossy metamaterials is provided. In hypothetical non-lossy metamaterials, the angles of phase and energy refraction are one and the same. Using measured S-parameters of split ring resonator–wire metamaterial samples, it is shown that negative refractive index is not a requirement for negative energy refraction in lossy metamaterials. It was assumed that the sample is effectively homogeneous and isotropic in the direction of wave propagation. For transverse-electric polarisation, negative energy refraction with a positive refractive index was demonstrated.
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