Negative-Pressure Ureteroscopic Holmium-YAG Laser Lithotripsy for Ureteral Stones

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe a novel negative-pressure laser lithotripsy device to overcome the deficiencies of the conventional procedure. Patients and Methods: Between August 2018 and March 2019, 78 patients with a single ureteral stone underwent retrograde ureteroscopy with a Wolf 8F/9.8F rigid ureteroscope and a 200-μm holmium-YAG laser. The mean stone size was 11.8 mm, measured for the maximum length. The negative-pressure laser lithotripsy device consists of an F5 ureter catheter and a T joint. The closed tip of an F5 ureter catheter is cut off, and it is then inserted within one opening of the T joint. The 200-μm laser fiber is introduced into the ureteral catheter through the other opening of the T joint. The third opening of the T joint is connected to the negative-pressure pipe. The valve end of the Foley catheter is used for sealing the cap. Continuous suction and active irrigation throughout the lithotripsy could maintain adequate visibility. Results: All ureteroscopic procedures were successful. The negative-pressure device showed good stone retention capabilities, with no observed stone migration. We did not observe any major complications. The stone-free rate was 97.44% (76/78), demonstrated on plain radiography of the kidney-ureter-bladder on the first postoperative day. The stone-free rate after 1 month was 100%. Conclusions: The negative-pressure ureteroscopic lithotripsy is easy and safe management for the ureteral stones. It might reduce the risk of stone fragment retropulsion, improve surgical vision, shorten the operative time, and decrease the renal pelvic pressure.