Abstract
The present study examines the relationship between different roles in cyberbullying behaviors (cyberbullies, cybervictims, cyberbullies-victims, and uninvolved) and self-reported digital piracy. In a region of central Spain, 643 (49.3% females, 50.7% males) students (grades 7–10) completed a number of self-reported measures, including cyberbullying victimization and perpetration, self-reported digital piracy, ethical considerations of digital piracy, time spent on the Internet, and leisure activities related with digital content. The results of a series of hierarchical multiple regression models for the whole sample indicate that cyberbullies and cyberbullies-victims are associated with more reports of digital piracy. Subsequent hierarchical multiple regression analyses, done separately for males and females, indicate that the relationship between cyberbullying and self-reported digital piracy is sustained only for males. The ANCOVA analysis show that, after controlling for gender, self-reported digital piracy and time spent on the Internet, cyberbullies and cyberbullies-victims believe that digital piracy is a more ethically and morally acceptable behavior than victims and uninvolved adolescents believe. The results provide insight into the association between two deviant behaviors.
Highlights
Digital piracy is defined as the illegal act of copying or downloading digital goods, such as software, games, books, music, movies, and TV series, without obtaining the explicit permission from, and paying compensation to, the copyright holder [1,2]
A covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was performed to ascertain the differences between cyberbullying roles in the ethical consideration of digital piracy using adolescents’ gender, time spent on the Internet, leisure activities and self-reported digital piracy as the covariables
The study aimed to extend the body of research on digital piracy by examining self-reported behaviors rather than attitudes or intentions, and by analyzing its relationships with other deviant behavior, cyberbullying, after adjusting for other factors, such as age, leisure activities, and time spent on the Internet
Summary
Digital piracy is defined as the illegal act of copying or downloading digital goods, such as software, games, books, music, movies, and TV series, without obtaining the explicit permission from, and paying compensation to, the copyright holder [1,2]. According to the 2017 MUSO Global Piracy. Report [3], in 2016 there were 191 billion visits to piracy sites worldwide. The year 2016 witnessed a sharp downturn in torrent usage, while streaming holds its ground as the most popular method that audiences choose to access illegal content, with 77.7 billion global visits. Mobile devices are used to perform 34% of piracy activity. Piracy is a form of criminal behavior that has infiltrated every country and annually costs the global economy many billions of dollars [4]. Consumers who access illegal content claim that “digital contents are very expensive” or “I’m already paying for my Internet connection”, with 47%
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