Negative and positive dysphotopsia

Abstract

Dysphotopsia are responsible for complaints of that small percentage of pseudophakic subjects who are not satisfied with their vision. They are divided into negative and positive. Positive dysphotopsia (PD) are described by patients as glare, light streaks, light arcs, flashes of light, and starbursts produced by an external light source, whereas negative dysphotopsia (ND) is a dark temporal peripheral arc‐shaped shadow or line.PD are related to the nature of the inserted intraocular lens (IOL). The incidence rate of PD at 1 year after cataract surgery is 0.2–2.2%, and there have been no reports of PD in intraocular surgeries other than cataract surgery to date. The cause of ND is unknown, and many concepts trying to explain its pathophysiology were proposed, including a small pupil, an axial space behind the iris, and a sharp optic edge, the increased angle kappa, the nasal location of the pupil relative to the optical axis, with in‐the‐bag IOLs (and not in ciliary sulcus‐, anterior chamber‐, or scleral suture‐fixated IOLs), and a correlation with coverage of the anterior capsule edge, interaction between the anterior capsulorhexis with the intraocular lens, shorter eyes and a higher implanted IOL power, position of the haptic, and neuroadaptive component.