Abstract
According to latest global estimates from the World Health Organization, deaths from malaria have been reduced by 20 per cent worldwide—from nearly 985,000 in 2000 to 781,000 in 2009, while the number of malaria cases have reduced from 244 million in 2005 to 225 million in 2009. However, almost all current malaria deaths are concentrated in Africa (85%) and Asia (14%). Further reductions in malaria-related morbidity and mortality are feasible if affordable, effective and accessible complementary therapies and mosquito larvicides are used to complement the prevention and case management strategies for malaria control. This article examines current and potential roles of Neem tree extract Azadirachta indica in the prevention and treatment of malaria in Africa and Asia. More efforts are required to formulate this potentially effective substance in a manner that minimises its adverse effects and optimise its benefits in malaria prevention and treatment. The successful transformation of artemisinin from traditional Chinese medicine to mainstream anti-malaria therapy provides a template for translating research on Azadirachta indica into practical benefits for people at risk of contracting malaria.
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