Abstract
The institution of one or more of the authors (JMB, JX) has received, during the study period, funding from K2 M, Inc/Complex Spine Study Group (Malvern, PA, USA) and from the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation (Rosemont, IL, USA). One of the authors (JMB) has or may receive payments or benefits, during the study period, an amount of less than USD10,000 from CoreLink, Inc (St Louis, MO, USA), USD10,000 to USD100,000 from Globus Medical, Inc (Audubon, PA, USA), and USD10,000 to USD100,000 from Stryker, Inc (Mahwah, NJ, USA), USD10,000 to USD100,000 from DePuy, Inc (Warsaw, IN, USA), USD10,000 to USD100,000 from Globus Medical, Inc, less than USD10,000 from K2 M, Inc (Leesburg, VA, USA), less than USD10,000 from Medtronic, Inc. (Memphis, TN, USA). All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. Each author certifies that his or her institution approved or waived approval for the reporting of this case and that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research. This work was performed at Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
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